20 Examples of Theoretical Frameworks

In the world of academia and research, theoretical frameworks play a pivotal role in guiding the direction of a study and providing a structure for understanding complex phenomena.

These frameworks are essentially a set of principles and concepts that researchers use to develop their research questions, hypotheses, and methodologies.

In this blog post, we’ll explore 20 examples of theoretical frameworks that are commonly used across various disciplines.

Examples of Theoretical Frameworks

1: Social Learning Theory

Developed by Albert Bandura, this theory posits that individuals learn by observing others and modeling their behavior.

2: Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs categorizes human needs into five levels, starting from physiological needs and ending with self-actualization.

3: Structural Functionalism

This framework, associated with Emile Durkheim, views society as a system composed of interrelated parts that contribute to its stability.

4: Feminist Theory

A lens that examines issues related to gender and power, often focusing on women’s experiences and perspectives.

5: Attachment Theory

John Bowlby’s theory that explores how early relationships with caregivers influence human development and behavior.

6: Cognitive Dissonance Theory

Developed by Leon Festinger, this theory examines the psychological discomfort that arises when individuals hold conflicting beliefs.

7: Game Theory

A mathematical framework that analyzes strategic decision-making in competitive situations.

8: Diffusion of Innovation Theory

Everett Rogers’ theory explains how new ideas, products, or practices spread through a social system.

9: Human Ecological Theory

Bronfenbrenner’s theory focuses on the impact of the environment on human development and behavior.

10: Symbolic Interactionism

This framework explores how individuals create and interpret symbols and the meaning attached to them in social interactions.

11: Social Cognitive Theory

Developed by Albert Bandura, it emphasizes the role of cognitive processes in learning and behavior.

12: Critical Race Theory

A theoretical framework examining the intersection of race, power, and privilege.

13: Rational Choice Theory

An economic theory that explores decision-making based on maximizing utility and self-interest.

14: Social Capital Theory

This framework examines the social networks and relationships that contribute to an individual’s success.

15: Conflict Theory

This framework, often associated with Karl Marx, examines the role of power and inequality in society.

16: Humanistic Psychology

A psychological framework that emphasizes personal growth, self-actualization, and the pursuit of one’s potential.

17: Trait Theory of Personality

Focuses on identifying and measuring personality traits that influence behavior.

18: Social Exchange Theory

A framework that views human relationships as a series of exchanges where individuals seek to maximize rewards and minimize costs.

19: Agenda-Setting Theory

Examines how the media influences the public agenda by emphasizing certain topics.

20: Self-Determination Theory

Focuses on individuals’ inherent psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness.

Theoretical frameworks are the backbone of research, providing a structured approach to understanding complex phenomena in various fields.

Whether you’re delving into psychology, sociology, economics, or any other discipline, having a strong theoretical framework can greatly enhance the depth and rigor of your research.

These 20 examples represent just a fraction of the vast array of theoretical frameworks available to researchers, each offering a unique perspective and tools for analysis.

When embarking on your own research journey, selecting the right framework will be a crucial step in shaping your study and drawing meaningful conclusions from your findings.