The distance between the Sun and Earth isn’t constant because Earth’s orbit is elliptical (oval-shaped) rather than perfectly circular.

Here’s how we can describe it:

• Average distance – The average distance between the Earth and the Sun is about 149.6 million kilometers (93 million miles). This distance is also known as one Astronomical Unit (AU).
• Closest distance (perihelion) – The closest point in Earth’s orbit to the Sun is called perihelion, which occurs around the first week of January. At this point, the Earth is about 147 million kilometers (91.3 million miles) away from the Sun.
• Farthest distance (aphelion) – The farthest point in Earth’s orbit from the Sun is called aphelion, which occurs around the first week of July. At this point, the Earth is about 152 million kilometers (94.4 million miles) away from the Sun.